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C1 Esterase Inhibitor C Reactive Protein C Reactive Protein High Sensitivity CA 125 CA 153 CA 19.9 CA 27.29 Caffeine Calcitonin Calcium Calcium Ionized Carbamazepine Carbon Dioxide Carbon Monoxide Carcinoembryonic Antigen Cardiac Marker Panel Cardiovascular Risk Panel Carotene CCP Antibody CD4 Enumeration Celiac Disease Panel Centromere Antibody Cephalothin Antibody Cerebrospinal Fluid Ceruloplasmin Chemistry Panels Chlamydia Detection Chloride Cholesterol Cholinesterase Clindamycin Resistance Clostridium Difficile Coagulation Factor Assays Coagulation Factor Inhibitor Coagulation Screen Cold Agglutinin Titer Colloid Osmotic Pressure Complement Profile Complete Blood Count Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia Cord Blood Gases Cord Blood Studies Corticotropin Releasing Hormone Stimulation Test Cortisol Cortisol in Critical Illness Cortisol Salivary Cortisol Urine Free Cortrosyn Stimulation Test Cotinine Creatine Kinase Creatine Kinase MB Creatinine Creatinine Clearance Creatinine Kinase Isoenzymes Crossmatch CRP Cryoglobulin Cryptococcal Antigen Cryptosporidium Antigen Crystal Identification Cushing Syndrome Cyclosporine Cystic Fibrosis Cytogenetic Studies Cytomegalovirus Antibody Cytomegalovirus Culture Cytomegalovirus PCR Qualitative Cytomegalovirus PCR Quantitative

Crystal Identification, Synovial Fluid

Birefringent crystals are found in the synovial fluid of >90% of patients with acutely inflamed joints. Crystal identification aids in the diagnosis of joint disease. Monosodium urate crystals are seen in gouty fluids. Urate crystals are mainly needle-shaped and strongly doubly refractile, and may be found within leukocytes. Calcium pyrophosphate crystals are present in chondrocalcinosis. They are usually rhomboidal and weakly birefringent. Cholesterol crystals may also be observed as bright square or rectangular plates.