Prostaglandin E2

Prostaglandin E2 is one of the most abundant metabolites of arachidonic acid generated by the actions of cyclooxygenases COX1 and COX2. .  Prostaglandin E2 is a potent vasodilator that potentiates the actions of histamine and bradykinin and contributes to the formation of fever, edema and pain. Prostaglandin E2 causes stimulates secretion of water and electrolytes into the lumen of the gut. Prostaglandin E2 is excreted directly into the urine.Elevated levels of Prostaglandin E2 have been detected in patients with the Watery Diarrhea Syndrome, neural crest tumors, and pheochromocytoma.

The preferred specimen is a 24 hour collection of urine in a container without preservative. Reference value is 400-600 ng per 24 hours. 

Prostaglandin E2 levels are decreased by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS). Patients should discontinue these medications for at least 48 hours prior to collection.